Abstract
Citronella oil (Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle) was formulated into shampoo preparations to overcome dandruff. Dandruff is a condition which exfoliation of the excess horny layer on the scalp and forms fine scales caused by fungal infections of Candida albicans. The purpose of this study was to determine the antifungal activity and quality of the citronella oil shampoo. Citronella oil was taken using a steam distillation method. The oil produced has good quality because it meet the range of organoleptic requirements, which were the refractive index 1.483, density 0.890g/mL and citronellal content 41.720%. MIC (Minimum Inhibition Concentration) to find out the lowest concentration of shampoo which can still inhibit the growth of Candida albicans was 2%. Citronella oil then formulated into shampoo with F1 (4%) F2 (6%) and F3 (8%) oil concentrations. The results of the quality of shampoo evaluation showed that all formulations met the requirements of pH, viscosity, and foam height. In testing the antifungal activity of shampoo was known that the greater the concentration of oil in the shampoo, the greater the antifungal activity in the shampoo.Keywords: Citronella oil, shampoo, antifungal activity
Highlights
In this time, dandruff is still a major problem in almost all individuals
It was proven by a study conducted by Roselin (2015) on dandruff samples taken from 50 volunteers with ages ranging from 18 years to 25 years and it was known that Candida albicans is the main that causes dandruff. [3,4]
The objective of this research was to formulated of citronella oil into anti-dandruff shampoo preparations as well as an antifungal activity test against Candida albicans
Summary
Dandruff is still a major problem in almost all individuals. The onset of dandruff observed in the presence of white scales, itching that occurs on the scalp and hair loss [1]. The most common causes of dandruff are Candida albicans with a percentage of 50% followed by 24 % Aspergillus niger, 16% Cryptococcus spp and 10% Penicillium spp. It was proven by a study conducted by Roselin (2015) on dandruff samples taken from 50 volunteers with ages ranging from 18 years to 25 years and it was known that Candida albicans is the main that causes dandruff. Citronellal oil (Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle) has several chemical constituents including citronellal, citronellol, geraniol which have antifungal and antibacterial activity [4]. Citronella oil has antifungal activity against several Candida species namely
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