The effect of citrate plasticizers on the properties of nitrocellulose granules

Abstract

AbstractNitrocellulose granules containing the proposed new eco‐friendly inert plasticizers, substitutes for phthalate derivatives, such as acetyl triethyl nitrate (ATEC) and tributyl citrate (TBC) were obtained. The single‐base propellants were obtained using safe granulation process (water method). Diethylene glycol dinitrate (DEGDN) was used as an energetic modifier in obtained propellants. It was found that the addition of citrate plasticizers reduced the heat of combustion and dynamic vivacity of powders. At the same time DEGDN increased the heat of combustion of tested materials. Citrate derivatives did not affect the density and thermal decomposition of granules. It was concluded based on pyrostatic analysis that the TBC plasticizer influenced the kinetics of nitrocellulose gelatinization by DEGDN. The kinetic model [nth order with autocatalysis (CnB) reaction] was adjusted based on the process of thermal decomposition. The presence of DEGDN in granules reduces the activation energy and increases the constant heat cumulative rate. The prepared propellants are characterized by excellent thermal stability in accordance with the STANAG 4582 standard. The obtained propellants can be potentially used in small calibre ammunition.