The effect of cellulase, microwave and ultrasonic methods on crude polysaccharides extraction from the spore of Vietnamese lingzhi (Ganoderma lucidum)

Abstract

Ganoderma lucidum known as reishi in Japanese and lingzhi in Chinese, are commonly used in Vietnam with excellent beneficial health effects. Polysaccharides are usually considered as their main active components. In this study, the polysaccharides from the spore of Vietnamese lingzhi, collected from the south of Vietnam, were analyzed and compared based on monitoring the absorbance of the samples in 490 nm, as well as enzymatic, microwave and ultrasonic methods with different surveyed parameters, such as: concentration of cellulase, microwave frequencies, extraction time, extraction temperature, ratio of sample and water. The results showed that the highest crude polysaccharide was extracted when using cellulase in enzymatic method with the following variables for the best adequate extraction conditions: cellulase concentration of 2.3%, enzyme treatment time of 150 min. and treatment temperature of 50°C. The highest amount of extracted polysaccharide was 7,1971% when the complex method was applied with preheating, enzyme use, ultrasonic application and microwave treatment, respectively.