Abstract
The aim of the study was to establish the relationship between a calpastatin gene (CAST) polymorphism, the ryanodine receptor gene (RYR1) polymorphism and carcass/meat quality traits in crossbred pigs. No significant differences in the analyzed pigs were found between genotypes CC and CT at the locus RYR1 and CD and DD at the locus CAST/MspI in terms of carcass and meat quality. However, a significant association of the CAST/ApaLI polymorphism with carcass quality and meat marbling were observed. The carcasses of AB pigs had significantly higher carcass percentage of lean meat, thinner backfat and thicker muscle, as well as lower meat marbling, as compared with the BB pigs. Furthermore, interactions CAST/MspI × RYR1 and CAST/ApaLI × RYR1 were found significant in relation to all the studied carcass traits. The results presented here imply that the CAST gene recognized with ApaLI may be considered as important in terms of the way it affects porcine carcass quality traits. Moreover, the research has revealed a relationship between CAST and RYR1 genotypes as regards formation of carcass traits in pigs. Follow-up studies, however, should be carried out on larger populations representing all possible CAST genotypes.;
Highlights
Intensive efforts on improvement of swine percentage of lean meat with use of Pietrain pigs resulted in a number of issues, especially those linked to a high frequency of the stress syndrome gene (RYR1T)observed in this breed, which is associated with occurrence of pale, soft, and exudative (PSE) meat (Fiedler et al 2001)
The results presented here imply that the calpastatin gene (CAST) gene recognized with ApaLI may be considered as important in terms of the way it affects porcine carcass quality traits
No significant differences in the analyzed pigs sired by Pietrain boars were found between genotypes
Summary
Intensive efforts on improvement of swine percentage of lean meat with use of Pietrain pigs resulted in a number of issues, especially those linked to a high frequency of the stress syndrome gene (RYR1T)observed in this breed, which is associated with occurrence of pale, soft, and exudative (PSE) meat (Fiedler et al 2001). Research shows, despite belonging to very different breeds, pigs of the same genotype for the RYR1 gene do exhibit a considerable variability in carcass lean content, and provide meat of varying quality. This may be an effect of other genes that possibly affect both carcass traits and meat quality, modifying the effect of the RYR1 (Koćwin-Podsiadła and Kurył 2003). Calpastatin activity is strongly correlated with muscle growth rate, proteolytic processes, and immediate post mortem changes in the muscle (Goll et al.1998), which affects many quality traits of the meat (Koćwin-Podsiadła et al 2003; Melody et al 2004)
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