The Effect of Brilliant Blue-Based Plaque-Staining Agents on Aesthetic Orthodontic Appliances.

Justyna Topolska,Aleksandra Orłowska,Paweł Działak,Krzysztof Gronkiewicz,Andrzej Borkowski,Sylwia Motyl

doi:10.3390/ma14227050

Abstract

Orthodontic appliances discolour over treatment time, and a yellowish plaque builds up on the contact area of the brackets, adhesive and teeth. Brilliant Blue-based plaque-staining agents (BBPSAs), which increase tooth brushing efficiency, have the potential to support the maintenance of proper oral hygiene during orthodontic treatment. However, they exhibit strong colouring properties, and their impact on the aesthetics of braces remains unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the influence of commercially available BBPSAs on the colour of aesthetic orthodontic materials. A light-cured, colour-changing orthodontic adhesive and new-generation, monocrystalline, sapphire brackets were chosen for the experiments. The effect of the staining agent on the tested materials was investigated in terms of the reaction temperature and time, as well as the presence of black tea-induced impurities on the materials. The CIELAB (Commission Internationale de L’éclairage L* a* b*) colour system parameters were measured, and the colour differences (ΔE*ab and ΔE00—the Commission Internationale de L’éclairage 2000 colour-difference) were determined for the materials under several experimental conditions. The braces’ green-red colour expression was positively affected by the BBPSA. Under in vitro conditions, the regular use of the BBPSA for 90 days visibly improved the unfavourable colour change caused by the black tea.

Highlights

Improving the beauty and harmony of the face is the main motivation of patients seeking orthodontic treatment [1], and this definitely dominates among other reasons, such as elimination of malocclusion and maintenance of the long-term health of the teeth and periodontium [2]
There are no proper reference materials allowing for scientific research that the objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of a Brilliant Blue-based is representative for all materials available on orthodontic the market
Long-term and continuous immersion in the staining fluid had an impact on both materials, and the observed changes in their colour parameters varied over time

Summary

Introduction

Improving the beauty and harmony of the face is the main motivation of patients seeking orthodontic treatment [1], and this definitely dominates among other reasons, such as elimination of malocclusion and maintenance of the long-term health of the teeth and periodontium [2]. Deteriorates the aesthetic perception of the face during orthodontic treatment. To meet the aesthetic needs of patients, plastic and ceramic materials have been used instead of metal alloys, introducing a transparent, edgewise bracket system (the so-called “aesthetic”). To improve the physical and mechanical properties of aesthetic brackets, sapphire-like or zirconium mono- or poly-crystals have been used in production [2,3,4]. For the most demanding patients, a customised aesthetic ceramic bracket system produced using 3D printing technology has recently been proposed [5,6]. The monocrystalline brackets included in the translucent brackets group are found to be more aesthetic than the non-translucent, polycrystalline parts of the appliance [11,12]

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Conclusion