The Effect of Black Soybean Tempe Extract on the Increase of Proliferation Stimulation Index (PTI), Protein Tyrosine Kinase Enzyme Activity and Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen of Human Lymphocytes

Abstract

Phytochemical components of tempe could interact with receptors on the surface of lymphocytes, which then increase the activity of the enzyme of protein tyrosine kinase and DNA polymerase. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of black soybean tempe extract on the increase of proliferation stimulation index, protein tyrosine kinase enzyme activity, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen of human lymphocytes, in vitro. A number of 15 ml blood samples were drawn from a total of five respondents. The lymphocytes were then separated from these blood samples and later cultured. The black soybean tempe extract was added in varied concentrations of 0, 25, 50, 100, and 200 µg/ml in the culturing process and used as a positive control in cultures with added PHA. Lymphocyte cultures were incubated for 72 hours and after that their PSI, PTK enzyme activity and PCNA were analyzed. The results showed that the extract of black soybean tempe added to cultured human lymphocytes significantly affected the lymphocytes PSI, PTK enzyme activity and PCNA, where the increased level of black soybean tempe extract added into the lymphocyte culture tended to raise the values of PSI, PTK enzyme activity and PCNA. The addition of black soybean tempe extract to cultured human lymphocytes affected the lymphocytes PSI, PTK, and PCNA.