Abstract
<p class="IsiAbstrakInggris"><span lang="EN-GB">Some of the methanotrophic bacteria and N<sub>2</sub>O reducing bacteria have been proven to be able to support the plant growth and increase the productivity of paddy. However effect of the methanotrophic and N<sub>2</sub>O reducing bacteria application as a biofertilizer to indigenous N<sub>2</sub>O reducing bacteria is still not well known yet. The aim of this study was to analyze the diversity of N<sub>2</sub>O reducing bacteria in lowland paddy soil based on a </span><em><span lang="EN-GB">nosZ</span></em><span lang="EN-GB"> gene. Soil samples were taken from lowland paddy soils in Pelabuhan Ratu Sukabumi, West Java, Indonesia. There were two treatments for the paddy field soil, ie. biofertilizer-treated field 20% fertilizer (50 kg/ha) with the addition of biofertilizer and 100% fertilizer. PCR amplification of </span><em><span lang="EN-GB">nosZ </span></em><span lang="EN-GB">gene was successfully conducted using </span><em><span lang="EN-GB">nosZF</span></em><span lang="EN-GB"> and </span><em><span lang="EN-GB">nosZR</span></em><span lang="EN-GB"> primer pair. Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (DGGE) process was conducted at 150 V for 5.5h. There were three differences </span><em><span lang="EN-GB">nosZ</span></em><span lang="EN-GB"> bands were sequenced. The phylogenetic analysis showed that they were close to uncultured bacteria. Microbial diversity in the biofertilizer-treated field was higher than that of in the 100% fertilizer-treated field. The biofertilizer treatment has higher in microbial diversity than that of applied non-biofertilizer paddy fields. This research might have impact in the application of biofertilizers due to the emission of N<sub>2</sub>O as a green house gas from paddy fields farming activity. The biofertilizer has great potential application in sustainable environmental friendly agriculture systems.</span></p>
Highlights
Application of inorganic nitrogen fertilizer by farmers over years tends to increase in order to improve soil fertility and agricultural production
Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (DGGE) profiles of nosZ gene diversity The DGGE profiles of the samples show variety DNA bands indicated the differences of nosZ gene diversity
There were five thick bands of nosZ gene amplicon that always appeared in all samples of DGGE
Summary
Application of inorganic nitrogen fertilizer by farmers over years tends to increase in order to improve soil fertility and agricultural production. The excessive application of N fertilizers likes NPK and urea may have negative impacts to the environment. This application lead to the increasing of N2O (nitrous oxide) emission from the nitrification and denitrification processes. The agricultural landfield is become the largest source of NO 2 emissions to the atmosphere (Smith et al., 2010). N2O emissions are influenced by nitrogen fertilizer application rate. The number of applied nitrogen fertilizer are correlates with the increasing of N2O emissions (MacKenzie et al, 1998). Submerged paddy fields system provides anaerobic or oxygen limited condition supports denitrification process (Chen et al, 2012)
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
