Abstract
Methods of treating obesity, such as changes in lifestyle, physical activity, restrictive diets, and psychotherapy, are not sufficient. Currently, it is considered that in the case of patients who meet the eligibility criteria for surgery, the treatment of choice should be bariatric surgery. The aim of this study was to assess the weight loss and metabolic changes in a group of adults with obesity undergoing bariatric surgery. The study involved 163 patients whose body mass index (BMI) exceeded 40 or 35 kg/m2, concurrent with at least one metabolic sequelae. In 120 of the cases (74%), sleeve gastrectomy was used; in 35 (21%), gastric banding was used; and in 8 (5%), laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass was used. Metabolic parameters such as total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol), HDL-cholesterol (high-density lipoprotein cholesterol), triglycerides, and glucose were measured preoperatively and postoperatively, as well as the creatinine, creatine kinase (CK-MB), and leptin activity. In patients undergoing bariatric surgery, a significant decrease in excess weight (p < 0.001) was observed at all the analyzed time points, compared to the pre-surgery value. Weight loss after surgery was associated with a significant improvement in glycemia (109.6 ± 48.0 vs. 86.6 ± 7.9 mg/dL >24 months after surgery; p = 0.003), triglycerides (156.9 ± 79.6 vs. 112.7 ± 44.3 mg/dL >24 months after surgery; p = 0.043) and leptin (197.50 ± 257.3 vs. 75.98 ± 117.7 pg/mL 12 months after surgery; p = 0.0116) concentration. The results of the research confirm the thesis on the effectiveness of bariatric surgery in reducing excess body weight and improving metabolic parameters in patients with extreme obesity.
Highlights
One of the biggest challenges for modern medicine is the treatment of eating disorders and metabolic disorders, in particular, obesity, as well as the prevention of their complications
The exclusion criteria included lack of consent for surgery; general health according to World Health Organization (WHO) performance status 2; above all, a negative opinion on the psychological preparation of the patient, stating the inability to change patient lifestyle after surgery, and being below 18 years of age or above 65
There was no anastomotic leak after sleeve gastrectomy (SG) or after laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB)
Summary
One of the biggest challenges for modern medicine is the treatment of eating disorders and metabolic disorders, in particular, obesity, as well as the prevention of their complications. Public Health 2020, 17, 5342; doi:10.3390/ijerph17155342 www.mdpi.com/journal/ijerph
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