Abstract
The past literature on the use of vegetable oils as fuel in diesel engine revealed that utilizing vegetable oil fuels in diesel engines may require property changes in the oil or perhaps, some minor engine modifications or operating changes. This study was conducted to search for the effect of atmospheric oxygen on the puffing and bursting phenomena that occur during vegetable oils droplet vaporization process in their use as fuel in diesel engine. The fiber-suspended droplet technique was used, and the normalized square droplet diameter as well as the temperature evolution vicinity the droplet was analyzed. The results show that puffing and bursting phenomena highly depend on oxygen. In presence of atmospheric oxygen, there is an increase of the puffing and bursting intensity and therefore the evaporation rate of the vegetable oil droplets, but in an inert environment or when the environment is oxygen-depleted puffing and bursting phenomena disappearing and make place of a series of explosions with lower magnitude. The lack of oxygen reduces the thermal degradation, polymerization and oxidation reactions and consequently the vaporization rate of vegetable oils droplets; and could therefore lead to the formation of deposits in the form of polymers. This is unsuitable for their use as a fuel in diesel engines. It can also be concluded that atmospheric oxygen has some positive effects on engine performance and emissions when operating with vegetable oil. These results help to address the challenge for the use of alternative fuels such as non-edible vegetable oils.
Highlights
In recent years, some reasons such as the relative decline in oil prices compared to 2008, have reduced the willingness and enthusiasm for the use of pure vegetable oils (PVO) as a fuel in industrialized countries
The contribution of this paper is to investigate the effect of atmospheric oxygen on puffing and bursting that is a part of vegetable oils droplet vaporization process
It significantly contribute to the increasing the vaporization rate of vegetable oils and could reduce the polymer formation that leads to the formation of deposits in the combustion chamber of diesel engines when vegetable oils are used as fuel
Summary
Some reasons such as the relative decline in oil prices compared to 2008, have reduced the willingness and enthusiasm for the use of pure vegetable oils (PVO) as a fuel in industrialized countries. The use of vegetable oils as a local fuel in a short circuit of self-consumption has a great economic development advantage regarding to the potential of PVO and their derivative as fuel in diesel engines and burners [1] [2] [3] [4] [5]. As it is well known, the direct injection engines that are used in agricultural and road tractors, and many industrial stationary engines without prior modification do not accept PVO. These problems among others are the formation of carbon deposits inside the engine, fuel injector fouling, sticking of piston rings, heavy gum deposits on cylinder walls, and a strong cyclic dispersion that can lead to mechanical difficulties or damages [4] [7] [8] [9] [10]
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