Abstract
BackgroundThe anoxic redox control binary system plays an important role in the response to oxygen as a signal in the environment. In particular, phosphorylated ArcA, as a global transcription factor, binds to the promoter regions of its target genes to regulate the expression of aerobic and anaerobic metabolism genes. However, the function of ArcA in Plesiomonas shigelloides is unknown.ResultsIn the present study, P. shigelloides was used as the research object. The differences in growth, motility, biofilm formation, and virulence between the WT strain and the ΔarcA isogenic deletion mutant strain were compared. The data showed that the absence of arcA not only caused growth retardation of P. shigelloides in the log phase, but also greatly reduced the glucose utilization in M9 medium before the stationary phase. The motility of the ΔarcA mutant strain was either greatly reduced when grown in swim agar, or basically lost when grown in swarm agar. The electrophoretic mobility shift assay results showed that ArcA bound to the promoter regions of the flaK, rpoN, and cheV genes, indicating that ArcA directly regulates the expression of these three motility-related genes in P. shigelloides. Meanwhile, the ability of the ΔarcA strain to infect Caco-2 cells was reduced by 40%; on the contrary, its biofilm formation was enhanced. Furthermore, the complementation of the WT arcA gene from pBAD33-arcA+ was constructed and all of the above features of the pBAD33-arcA+ complemented strain were restored to the WT level.ConclusionsWe showed the effect of ArcA on the growth, motility, biofilm formation, and virulence of Plesiomonas shigelloides, and demonstrated that ArcA functions as a positive regulator controls the motility of P. shigelloides by directly regulating the expression of flaK, rpoN and cheV genes.
Highlights
The anoxic redox control binary system plays an important role in the response to oxygen as a signal in the environment
Anoxic redox control cognate response regulator (ArcA) controls the motility of P. shigelloides by directly regulating the expression of flaK, rpoN and cheV genes In addition to ArcA being related to the growth and metabolism of P. shigelloides, we found that ArcA is related to motility
The data indicated that ArcA functions as a positive regulator controls the motility of P. shigelloides by directly regulating the expression of flaK, rpoN and cheV genes
Summary
The anoxic redox control binary system plays an important role in the response to oxygen as a signal in the environment. It has three cytoplasmic domains, and the autophosphorylation of His292 in the H1 domain, followed by transfer of the phosphate group to Asp576 in the D1 domain, to His717 in the H2 domain [15], and to Asp in ArcA results in phosphorylation of ArcA [16], which activates ArcA to promote or repress the expression of Arc-regulated genes. ArcA inhibits the expression of genes required for aerobic metabolism, energy generation, amino acid transport, and fatty acid transport [18]. A recent study showed that ArcA overexpression in aerobic conditions results in downregulation of respiratory pathways and enhanced growth rates on glycolytic substrates of E. coli, coinciding with acetate excretion and increased carbon uptake rates [21]
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