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Abstract
Arabic gum (AG) has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. However, the effect of AG in ureteric obstruction (UO) has not been investigated yet. Male rats underwent reversible left unilateral UO (UUO) for 72 h. Group AG-1 (n = 12) received AG 15 g/kg/day dissolved in drinking water starting seven days before and continuing throughout the period of the UUO, whereas group Vx-1 (n = 8) had only water. Group AG-2 (n = 12) and Vx-2 (n = 8) had similar protocols as AG-1 and Vx-1, respectively, but underwent terminal experiments to measure renal functions, six days post-UUO reversal. Arabic gum significantly attenuated the UUO-induced increase in the tissue level of malonedialdehyde and superoxide dismutase and the rise in the gene expression of TNF-α, TGF-β1, and p53 in AG-1 compared to Vx-1. It also attenuated the severity of tubular dilatation. However, AG did not affect the alterations in the renal blood flow or glomerular filtration rate. The fractional sodium excretion was lower in AG-2 but did not reach statistical significance (0.40 ± 0.11 vs 0.74 ± 0.12, p = 0.07). AG attenuated the UUO-induced rise in oxidative stress markers and proinflammatory and profibrotic cytokines and the degree of renal tubular dilatation, indicating a protective effect in obstructive nephropathy.
Highlights
Ureteric obstruction (UO) is one of the common causes of renal injury, which might cause temporary or permanent renal impairment [1]
The aim of this study is to investigate this effect using a rat model of reversible unilateral ureteric obstruction (UUO) by assessing various physiological, biochemical, and histopathological effects of Arabic gum (AG) in this condition
When AG-1 was compared to Vx-1, there there was a decrease by 27.2 ± 6.0 in the level of MDA in the AG‐1 compared to an increase by 28.4 ±
Summary
Ureteric obstruction (UO) is one of the common causes of renal injury, which might cause temporary or permanent renal impairment [1]. The renal damage is due to interactions of various factors and mediators at the time of obstruction leading to alterations in renal function [2,3,4]. There has been a growing interest in using natural phytochemical compounds as treatment alternatives in several conditions including renal diseases [5,8,11,12,13,14]. This is due to their relatively low toxicity, low price, and wide availability. It has been estimated that at least 25% of the drugs used over the past few decades were directly derived from plants and another approximately 25% were chemically altered natural products [15]
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