Abstract
For the sake of enhancing the mechanical properties and durability of asphalt concrete, many studies suggest adding different admixtures, such as waste materials in the form of filler. These admixtures have a significant influence on the performance of asphalt concrete by plying a roll in filling the voids between particles and sometimes as a cementitious material. This study aims to improve the strength of asphalt concrete by adding crushed animal bone to the mix after carbonization at a temperature of 800 Co. Seven different percentages (10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, and 100%) of animal bone ash as a replacement for the filler percentage were added to the optimum asphalt concrete mix. A number of tests were conducted on asphalt concrete specimens to measure Marshall stability (MS), Marshall flow value (MF), voids filled with asphalt percentages (VFA), air void percentages (VA), voids in mineral aggregate percentages (VMA), and maximum theoretical specific gravity (GMM). From the results, the maximum stability of 14.85 KN was reached when using animal bone ash of 20% as a partial replacement for the conventionally used filler (limestone). In general, there are some improvements in the physical properties of asphalt concrete with animal bone ash, which can be related to the increase in the bond between the particles of aggregates and the bitumen material. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091757 Full Text: PDF
Highlights
The demand has increased to find an asphalt mix capable of resisting various external loads and minimizing cracking
The following mechanical tests were performed on the asphalt mixture, including stability Marshall stability (MS) and flow Marshall flow value (MF) according to ASTM D6927, 2015 [33], density Gmm, voids filled with asphalt void filled with asphalt (VFA), voids in mineral aggregate voids in mineral aggregate percentages (VMA), and air voids void percentages (VA) according to ASTM D3203, 2016 [34]
The Marshall stability increased by a high percentage of 81% when using 20% replacement from the control sample
Summary
The demand has increased to find an asphalt mix capable of resisting various external loads and minimizing cracking. The designed life span for pavements is usually 20 years with consideration of the expected traffic loads. Thom & Elliott (2009) stated that the high stiffness modulus of asphalt can achieve a pavement that is capable of resisting high traffic loads without cracking [1]. Previous researchers such as Zaumanis & Mallick (2014) [2] have confirmed that using waste or by-product materials to replace coarse or fine aggregates or even filler results in a promising evolution in asphalt concrete mechanical properties and durability. Recently there has been an increase in the demand for construction materials, especially in road construction, beside the insufficient current resources, which led studies such as Clay et al (2007) and Chudy et al (2014) [5, 6] to search for an alternative, such as using waste materials
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