The effect of alpha-lipoic acid in ovariectomy and inflammation-mediated osteoporosis on the skeletal status of rat bone

Abstract

Osteoporosis is a high mortality and morbidity ranged skeletal disease and results in high costs of medical care in the European Union. We evaluated the possible protective effect of alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) on rat bone metabolism in ovariectomy and inflammation-mediated osteoporosis models. Groups were designed as: (1) sham; (2) sham+inflammation; (3) ovariectomy (OVX); (4) ovariectomy+ALA—25mg/kg; (5) ovariectomy+ALA—50mg/kg; (6) ovariectomy+inflammation; (7) ovariectomy+inflammation+ALA—25mg/kg; and (8) ovariectomy+inflammation+ALA—50mg/kg groups. OVX groups were allowed to recover for two months. Then, inflammation was induced in inflammation groups by subcutaneous talc injection. ALA—25mg/kg and 50mg/kg were administered to drug groups chronically. The skeletal response was assessed by bone mineral density (BMD), osteopontin and osteocalcin measurements. Pro-inflammatory cytokine measurements (interleukin (IL)-1beta, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha) were performed to observe inflammatory process. In OVX, INF and OVX+INF groups, BMD levels were lowest and osteocalcin, osteopontin, IL-1beta, IL-6, and TNF-alpha levels were highest when compared to sham group. ALA administration increased BMD levels and decreased osteocalcin, osteopontin, IL-1beta, IL-6, and TNF-alpha levels versus OVX and OVX+INF control groups. Both in senile and postmenopausal osteoporosis, the balance in coupling were destroyed on behalf of bone resorption. ALA had a protective effect on both senile and postmenopausal osteoporosis. The positive effect of this drug in these osteoporosis models might originate from its positive effects on bone turnover markers and cytokine levels. From this perspective, ALA may be a candidate for radical osteoporosis treatment both in senile and postmenopausal types clinically at the end of advanced studies.