Abstract
This study evaluates the bias-corrected airport efficiency by employing a slacks-based measurement-data envelopment analysis model with a bootstrapping technique. The impacts of airport efficiency on bilateral passenger traffic and freight volume are then assessed by developing a novel robust gravity model incorporating multilateral resistance (MR) terms and the Poisson pseudo maximum likelihood (PPML) method to address heteroscedasticity. We collected air route data using Incheon airport with a sample of 50 airports in 28 countries for 2006–2015. The results from all the applied models revealed a significant and positive effect of airport efficiency on passenger traffic and freight volume.
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