Abstract
Aim: The paper aims to determine the effects of maternal exposures to essential air pollutants on low birth weight (LBW) in Tehran, Iran. Methods: One thousands neonates were randomly selected of all live singletons born during 2000-2002, to 18-35 years old house wives mothers, living in one of the selected regions of the study (inside the boundary of 5 kilometers radius from four air quality control stations of Tehran. Linear regression and logistic regression were used to estimate the effects of air pollution on low birth weight. Results: Low birth weight ratio was increased by the accretion of carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, and Ozone in the third trimester of the pregnancies. There was no statistical significant trend in LBW ratios in case of particulate matters ≤10μgr/m (PM10). The logistic model confirmed that the highest risk for low birth weight was related to CO. Multiple regression revealed CO as the most effective air pollutant in lowering the birth weight. Conclusions: Low birth weight rates increases in the presence of essential air pollutants. This signifies the risk of neonatal diseases, hospitalizations and infants' higher mortality rates. Additionally, it might increase the cost of care and treatment.
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