Abstract
In this paper, data on road traffic casualties by age groups, from 2009 to 2013, will be used. Using published road traffic casualty statistics from the National Road Safety Commission of Ghana, a 2 ´ 8 contingency table is used to determine whether road traffic casualty and age group are independent. A one factor analysis of variance tests shall be used to conduct a comparative analysis of the rate of road traffic fatalities per 100 casualties across the various age groups in Ghana. A multiple comparison test, using the Fisher least significance difference (LSD) method, shall be conducted to determine which pairs of age groups are significantly different.The study will show that road traffic casualty is not independent of age group. The analysis of variance will show that there are significant differences in road traffic fatality indices (fatality per 100 casualties) among various age groups in Ghana. The risks of dying in a road traffic accident among children under 6 years and older population who are over 65 years are both significantly higher than those of other age groups. This points to the fact that, although smaller number of children under 6 years and older population who are over 65 years die in road traffic accidents each year, more and more people as a proportion of the recorded number of casualties, are being killed through road traffic accidents among these two categories of age groups. Thus, the probability of being killed in a fatal road traffic accident is significantly high in each of these two age groups.
Highlights
The European Economic Commission (EEC) and the World Health Organization (1979) have recommended a definition for a road traffic accident fatality
The risks of dying in a road traffic accident among children under 6 years and older population who are over 65 years are both significantly higher than those of other age groups
This points to the fact that, smaller number of children under 6 years and older population who are over 65 years die in road traffic accidents each year, more and more people as a proportion of the recorded number of casualties, are being killed through road traffic accidents among these two categories of age groups
Summary
The European Economic Commission (EEC) and the World Health Organization (1979) have recommended a definition for a road traffic accident fatality. It can be observed that, over the 5 year period, the „over 65‟ continues to be the age group with the highest national fatality rate. The number of road traffic fatality victims in Ghana can be classified according to two criteria, of a set of entities, namely casualty and age group. We propose the use of the completely randomized single factor experiment to determine if there are significant differences in road traffic fatality index rates among the various age groups
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