Abstract
In recent years, the production of biopesticides has gained great attention in the scientific word because it is an important alternative to replace the much debated chemical pesticides used on the field crops. Fungal lytic enzymes, conidia and secondary metabolites like 6 pentyl-alpha-pyrone (6-PP) play a very important role in the biological control of pests. On the present study, the influence of application of air through a solid-state fermentation using three Trichoderma asperellum strains to produce conidia, 6-PP and essential enzymes were evaluated. A mix of vine shoots, potatoes flour, jatropha, olive pomace and olive oil as substrates was used. T. asperellum TV104 showed the best 6-PP production (3.06 ± 0.15 mg g DM−1), cellulases activities (34.3 ± 0.4 U g−1), and amylase activity (46.3 ± 0.6 U g−1) however, T. asperellum TF1 produced the higher levels of lipase (30.6 ± 0.3 U g−1), under air conditions. The production of these same enzymes was less efficient without the application of forced aeration. The forced aeration increased the conidia production, the best value was observed with T. asperellum TF1 (2.23 ± 0.07 × 109 g DM−1).Graphic
Highlights
Trichoderma is a filamentous fungus considered a biocontrol agent, it has been a very important model for study because of its mechanisms of action; nutrients and space competence, antibiotics production and lytic enzymes production
A mix of agroindustrial byproducts like vine shoots, jatropha, potatoes flour, olive pomace and olive oil is used as substrate, which offer economic advantages in the fermentation process
Results reported in the present study indicated that T. asperellum TV104 cultured on a mix of substrate like vine shoots, potatoes flour, jatropha, olive pomace and olive oil produced 3.06 mg 6-PP g dry matter (DM)−1 after 3 days of SSF and the 6-PP production started at 46 h
Summary
Trichoderma is a filamentous fungus considered a biocontrol agent, it has been a very important model for study because of its mechanisms of action; nutrients and space competence, antibiotics production and lytic enzymes production. Solid state fermentation allows the valorization of agroindustrial wastes having an impact on the worldwide ecology This production system has the potential to produce value-added products such as antibiotics, pigments, aromas and enzymes of industrial interest like cellulases, chitinases, amylases, etc., On the present study, the application of forced aeration through a solid-state fermentation using three Trichoderma asperellum strains is evaluated to produce 6-PP, conidia and essential enzymes. Trichoderma is an important fungus genus used for biological control, these fungi could be a good model for biocontrol (BC) application because of their mechanisms of action: nutrients and space competition, antibiotics production, lytic enzymes production and mycoparasitism [7] For these aspects, they are considered as one of the most effective BC against several pests [7, 8]. This type of fermentation stimulates the living conditions of fungal strains and is a model for the study of physiology or
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