Abstract
The composition of organic waste reaches 59% of the total municipal solid waste in Indonesia. One way to process organic waste is composting by utilizing microorganisms to break down waste into compost. Naturally, the composting process took a long time but can be accelerated by adding microorganisms to the activator. This study analyzes the quality and quantity of compost using the Biopore Infiltration Hole (BIH) method with activator addition. Composting was duplicated in the yard area with clay soil type and water infiltration rate of 0,3 cm/hour. The BIH was made in a 10 cm diameter, a 100 cm depth, and the distance between the holes was 50 cm. Composting variations consist of variations in the composition of the raw materials and the activators' uses. Variations in the raw material composition consisted of 100% yard waste, 100% food waste, 50% yard waste and 50% food waste, and 70% food waste and 30% yard waste. In contrast, the activator variations consisted of no activator, EM4 activator, and Stardec activator. Compost analysis consists of maturity, quality of physical and macro elements, and quantity of compost. The results showed that all variations of composting had met the standard of maturity and quality of physical and macro elements according to SNI 19-7030-2004. The addition of activator affected composting time and compost quantity. The composting time in BIH with activator ranges from 41-60 days. In BIH without activator ranges from 65-75 days, there was a reduction in composting time by 15-25 days with the activator addition. However, the activator addition caused reducing the compost quantity by 10-20%. The selection of compost variations by scoring results in compost with a composition of 50% yard waste and 50% food waste and the addition of Stardec activators was the best variation in terms of compost maturity, quality, and quantity.
Highlights
Waste is one of the problems that are closely related to human activities
This condition is proven by data obtained from the Ministry of Environment and Forestry (2017) that Indonesia's waste production increased by an average of 1 million tons per year
Data from the Ministry of Environment and Forestry in 2018 stated that Indonesia's total organic waste is 59% consisting of 44% of food waste and 15% of yard waste
Summary
Waste is one of the problems that are closely related to human activities. Law of The Republic Indonesia Number 18 of 2008 about Waste Management stated that waste is the residue of daily human actions and solid natural processes. BIH is a water infiltration method and composting on a domestic scale with 10 cm cylindrical hole made in soil and putting organic material in it as food for the organisms so that the biopore formed. Research about the effect of activators' addition on the quality and duration of composting has been conducted for several composting techniques. The research showed that the addition a depth of 100 cm, and a distance between the holes of activators could accelerate the composting process was 50 cm. Similar results were obtained from Marlinda's research (2015) on EM4 and Promi bio activators' effect in the organic liquid fertilizers production from domestic organic waste. Preparation of this research includes choosing the composting location, preparing compost waw materials and types of activators, and making the BIH. The number of 24 holes provided according to the duplo composting variations with a diameter of 10 cm,
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