The Effect of AcceleDent® Device on Both Gingival Health Condition and Levels of Salivary Interleukin-1-βEta and Tumor Necrosis Factors-Alpha in Patients under Fixed Orthodontic Treatment

Abstract

Traditional orthodontic treatment takes a long time and this may lead to several disadvantages like higher predisposition to periodontal diseases and dental caries. Recently, many researchers focus on shorter orthodontic treatment time through different methods like the use of: vibration, surgical approach, adjunctive medicine, laser and others. This study aimed to determine the effect of Acceledent vibration device on the gingival health condition and the changes in levels of salivary IL-1β and TNF- α among patients under fixed orthodontic appliance during orthodontic treatment. Material and Methods: A total of 32 adult patients with an age ranged between 19-23 years were participated in this study. They were divided into two groups: 14 patients under fixed orthodontic appliance with the use of Acceledent vibration device as study group and 18 patients under fixed orthodontic appliance only as control group. All patients were with Class I and /or Class II malocclusion cases requiring bilateral extraction of their maxillary first premolar teeth, underwent a session of professional oral hygiene and received oral hygiene instructions before and during the period of study. The collection of the unstimulated salivary samples from the individuals was performed at different times after placement of the fixed orthodontic appliance; base line (T0), after 1 hour (T1), after one week (T2), after two week (T3). The levels of salivary IL-1β and TNF-α were estimated by using commercially available ELISA kits. Oral cleanliness were determined by using of gingival index (GI) and plaque index (PI). Results: For both study and control groups, results reported that the mean value of salivary IL-1-β (pg/ml) and TNF-α (pg/ml) were highest at T1, followed by T2, then T3 and lowest T0 with highly statistically significant difference (P<0.01).The mean value of both salivary IL-1-β (pg/ml) and TNF-α (pg/ml) among study group were higher than control group at T1, followed by T2, then T3 with statistically significant difference (P<0.05). Among study group only, results of this study recorded a negative direction correlation between both IL-1-β (pg/ml) and TNF-α (pg/ml) and gingivitis at the (T2 and T3) and (T3) with statistically highly significant and significant respectively. Conclusion: The application of Acceledent device play important role in improving the gingival health condition and increasing the levels of salivary IL-1β and TNF-α secretion among patients under fixed orthodontic appliance in comparison to other under fixed orthodontic appliance.