Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the ability of biofilm formation among mutans and non mutans oral streptococci and to determine the effect of Lactobacillus acidophilus DSM 20079 as a probiotic strain on the adhesion of selected streptococcal strains on the surfaces. The sample comprised 40 isolates of oral streptococci from dental plaque and caries of volunteer persons. Streptococcus mutans ATCC35668 (no24) was as an standard strain. The probiotic strain was Lactobacillus acidophilus DSM 20079. The ability of biofilm formation was investigated with colorimetric method and the strongest isolates were selected. Then the effect of probiotic strain on the adhesion of streptococci isolates was determined in polystyrene microtiter plate simultaneously and 30 minutes before streptococci entrance to the system. The results showed that 42% of mutans streptococci were strongly adherent (SA) and in non mutans streptococci, only 23.5% of isolates were found strongly adherent. The strong biofilm forming bacterium isolated was Streptococcus mutans strain22. In the next step, in the presence of probiotic strain the streptococcal adhesion were reduced, and this reduction was non significantly stronger if the probiotic strain was inoculated to the system before the oral bacteria. The Lactobacillus acidophilus had more effect on adherence of mutans streptococci than non mutans streptococci with significant difference (p < 0.05). Adhesion reduction is likely due to bacterial interactions and colonization of adhesion sites with probiotic strain before the presence of streptococci. Adhesion reduction can be an effective way on decreasing cariogenic potential of oral streptococci.
Highlights
Dental caries and periodontal disease are major public health problems that disturb all countries in the world [ ]
In this study we have determined the effect of Lactobacillus acidophilus DSM as a probiotic strain on the adhesion of oral streptococci to the surfaces
This adherence reduction was significantly stronger in the case of mutans streptococci while in the other study we showed that Lactobacillus fermentum reduced the adherence of non mutans streptococci more than mutans streptococci without any significant difference [ ]
Summary
Dental caries and periodontal disease are major public health problems that disturb all countries in the world [ ]. Dental disease remains a “silent epidemic” in the world that threatens children and adults [ , ]. The oral streptococci especially mutans streptococci are related with the development of caries in humans and animals [ ]. The adhesion of oral streptococci such as Streptococcus mutans to tooth surfaces has the major role in their pathogenicity. Going along with the increasing antibiotic resistance of bacteria, new methods such as whole bacteria replacement therapy for decreasing of oral cavity pathogens must be investigated [ , ]. Lactobacillus acidophilus is a widely studied probiotic bacterium. In this study we have determined the effect of Lactobacillus acidophilus DSM as a probiotic strain on the adhesion of oral streptococci to the surfaces
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