The Effect of 1'-acetoxychavicol Acetate on A549 Human Non-small Cell Lung Cancer

Abstract

Lung cancer, a global leading cause of cancer mortality, requires safer and more effective treatments. 1'-acetoxychavicol acetate (ACA) is notable for its wide-ranging therapeutic properties, spanning anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and anti-obesity effects. While its efficacy has been explored in various cell lines, its potential against lung cancer remains few reported. This research aimed to investigate the impact of ACA on cytotoxicity, anti-proliferation, and antimigration potential in A549 human non-small cell lung cell lines. The investigation utilized MTT assays to assess cell viability and determined the IC50 values of ACA at 24, 48, and 72 hours to be 50.42 µM, 33.22 µM, and 21.66 µM, respectively. These results reveal a concentration- and time-dependent reduction in cell viability following ACA treatment. In addition, anti-proliferation was performed using colony-forming assays, and ACA showed notable efficacy in significantly decreasing colony formation, highlighting its strong impact on cell proliferation and viability. In the final part, ACA had promising inhibitory effects on migration, which varied depending on the dose used in the scratch assay. In conclusion, ACA highlighted cytotoxic and anti-proliferation properties of A549 cell line, supporting its potential role in lung cancer therapy pending further investigation and development.