The effect and mechanism of salinomycin on the proliferation and apoptosis of adrenal cortical carcinoma SW13 cell line

Abstract

Objective To study the effect and mechanism of salinomycin on the cell proliferation, cell cycle, cell apoptosis and invasion of human adrenal cortical carcinoma SW13 cells. Methods Culture SW13 cell line in vitro and treated with salinomycin (30.000, 20.000, 10.000, 5.000, 2.500, 1.250, 0.625, 0 μmol/L) for 24, 48, 72 and 96 h, then use cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) to assay cell proliferation. The cell treated with salinomycin cycle and apoptosis were determined with flow cytometry. Use transwell invasion experiment to assay invasive ability. The expression of β-catenin and B-cell lymphoma/leukemia-2 (bcl-2) were detected by Western blotting. Results After treated with different concentrations of salinomycin 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours, the proliferation of SW-13 cells were significantly inhibited and showed a time and concentration dependence and the corresponding 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) was 25.65, 7.97, 2.89, 0.40 μmol/L. Flow cytometry showed that 4, 8 μmol/L group and control group G1-period cells percentage were (66.250±1.162)%, (71.693±0.849)%, (59.837±3.043)% and the difference was statistically significant. The apoptosis rates were respectively 9.9%, 30.3%, 3.4% and have significant difference. Transwell invasion experiment showed that the number of invasive cells were 66.800±5.263, 30.400±2.881, 17.600±3.050 respectively and have significant difference. The expressions of β-catenin and anti-apoptosis bcl-2 proteins were down-regulated. Conclusion Salinomycin may significantly inhibit cell proliferation, cell cycle, invasive ability and induce apoptosis of human adrenal cortical carcinoma SW13 cells by disturb Wnt/β-catenin signal pathway and down-regulate bcl-2 anti-apoptosis protein. Key words: Salinomycin; Adrenal cortical carcinoma; SW13 cell; Proliferation; Cycle; Apoptosis; Invasion