Abstract
Over the last 15 years traditional state intervention in the downstream oil industry has decreased in the 12 countries of the European Community, making way for increased competition. This has come about partly as a result of the influence of the Commission of the European Community, which has taken part in the setting of common aims for member-countries concerning oil (e.g., reductions in refining capacity, increases in imports of refined products, harmonizing oil taxation). However, this movement has not been entirely to the satisfaction of the petroleum companies, who believe that oil is still handicapped by discriminatory policies in its competition with other energy forms .
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