Abstract
Conducting an ASHRAE Level II Energy and Water audit provides building owners opportunities to save energy and water in their buildings. The ASHRAE Level II Energy Audit will fulfill the requirements for BOMA BESt Energy Assessment and IESO’s saveONenergy Electricity Survey and Analysis. The IESO saveONenergy allows building owners to receive monetary incentives to improve their energy efficiency. Energy audits are an effective method to increase energy efficiency for commercial buildings. However, there are multiple levels of energy audits set by ASHRAE (Level I, II, and III) which varies the level of detail and economic benefit. The role of this research is to explore the benefits of a Level II energy audit and the economic benefit of a office tower located in Toronto. This building had an ASHRAE Level I audit two years ago and a case study will be performed to evaluate the level of detail and economic benefit of a Level II Energy and Water audit. The tower was evaluated according to ASHRAE Level II guidelines and the results obtained were an Energy Star score for the building, benchmarking against BOMA BESt buildings, energy conservation measures (ECMs), financial savings, payback periods and CO2 savings. They were separated into low/no cost measures, capital measure, other measures and impractical measures. If the building managers were to target all of the recommended ECMs, a total of $300,000 in utility costs per year would be saved. This is equivalent to 1,700,000 ekWh saved per year and a 6% reduction of their current energy use. Further more, the total energy use intensity (EUI) would improve from 26.2 ekWh/ft2 to 24.7 ekWh/ft2. . This case study has allowed a comparison for the two different types of energy audit. Compared to a Level I energy audit, there is a lot more detail which can provide a better potential savings as there are more engineering calculations involved for mechanical equipment, reviewing of drawings, observation of mechanical equipment, and interviews with the building operators.
Highlights
It is important to observe the consumption behaviour of buildings to identify specific energy saving measures. This can be done through performed energy audits
It is noticed that the electricity consumption in 2016 is higher compared to previous years (2014-2015); prior to that time, retrofits have been made to the building after a level I audit and recommissioning to improve electricity efficiency such as installing T8 LED tubes for a number of floors, variable frequency drives (VFDs) on heating, chilled water, and DCW booster pumps
Based on the utility analysis and energy conservation measures (ECMs) suggested, a Level II Energy Audit is much more valuable to a building manager compared to a Level I Energy Audit
Summary
Building energy management systems (BEMS) provides data, such as the building’s energy use. Gathering information about the building’s energy use is essential to evaluating areas where the building is no longer performing as intended. As buildings age, their energy performance decreases. Based on research by Isaac and vanVuuren (2009) for commercial buildings on a global scale, climate change results in a decrease of heating by 30 percent, increases the cooling demand by 70 percent. It is important to observe the consumption behaviour of buildings to identify specific energy saving measures. This can be done through performed energy audits. An energy audit for a building consists of an understanding of the energy consumption profile through collection of historical energy consumption of the building, and to find energy saving opportunities through a cost-benefit analysis
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