The economic importance of draught oxen on small farms in Namibia's Eastern Caprivi Region.

Abstract

The main aim of this study was to analyse and document the value of smallholder farmers’ use of Draught Animal Power (DAP) systems in the Eastern Caprivi Region and to test the economic viability of DAP usage versus using tractors. This study applied Rapid Rural Appraisal techniques (RRA), including a survey. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 312 farmers at their farms and data was gathered on the use of and economics related to the draught animal system. Crop enterprise budgets, project reports, expert opinions and group discussions were analysed. The research found that the use of animal power performs better in terms of physical productivity per ha compared to tractor usage. Furthermore, Sibinda production guided by the oxen farming technique outperformed the other systems when it was evaluated with parametric analysis. From a financial perspective, Sibinda and Linyanti oxen farmers ranked above their counterparts using tractors. Further, the exercise indicated that farmers are facing a multitude of challenges such as damage incurred from wild animals and high input costs. It is difficult for a young generation to take up farming in Caprivi within the current cost-price squeeze environment. Therefore, it is crucial to increase the level of potential new farmers’ production and management proficiencies through training and skills development programmes.