Abstract
If the Earth were flat and a water surface perfectly smooth, a sunset photo would show a perfect reflection of the Sun on the water surface. The fact that the Earth is not flat causes the reflection to be foreshortened. In the absence of distorting effects, this foreshortening could be used to measure the diameter of the Earth. However, distorting effects usually dominate. But, occasionally, one is lucky and gets a photograph in which the distortions are small relative to the foreshortening effect. In this paper, we consider the fundamental problem and address the various possible distortions. In particular, we study one specific photograph of a sunset over Lake Michigan on a particularly calm day. © 2008 Optical Society of America OCIS codes: (010.4458) Oceanic Scattering.
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