Abstract
The aim of this paper is to examine the nominality of the neologism BREXIT using a corpus-informed lexicogrammatical approach. The term BREXIT, coined in 2012, used initially in print and social media in the UK is now internationally wide-spread. BREXIT is a blend of British + exit, which expresses the meaning of’Britain exiting from the EU’. Although ‘Brexit’ clearly expresses an event (motion) meaning, as a nominalization, it also expresses nominal meaning. In systemic functional linguistics (SFL), nominalization is much broader than lexical derivation and is treated as a means of conceptualising and encoding experience. In this paper the development of BREXIT is explored using a corpus of 1,641,903 words including 2,435 instances of BREXIT from its first use in May 2012 to the UK general election in 2015. Capturing the development of this term from its initial use allows some insight into the intended meanings of the speaker due to the glosses provided. These appositional expressions are combined with the collocations found in the corpus. The results show that while the meanings identifiable in the corpus are entirely nominal in use, the term encodes complex meanings of event-oriented meanings and of hypotheticality. In examining the nominal status of BREXIT, I show that not all nominalizations are instances of grammatical metaphor.
Highlights
It is well established in the literature that the semantics of a lexical item is understood, in part at least, by the association of the item to the other lexical items used around it
Unlike many of the lexical items coined on a regular basis in the English language, BREXIT has not come into use in an ad hoc and temporary way
Its development in the threeyear period studied here has been shown to be fundamentally nominal by its behaviour; this lexical item is a member of the class of nouns and behaves as such
Summary
It is well established in the literature that the semantics of a lexical item is understood, in part at least, by the association of the item to the other lexical items used around it. This position has been captured most famously by Firth’s well cited claim that “you shall know a word by the company it keeps” (Firth 1957:11), but more recently shown in Hanks (2013). The Referendum held on June 23 2016 made Brexit a household word but consideration of more recent uses of Brexit have not been included this paper.
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