Abstract
Background and aim of the work: Splenic hypertrophy occur after major hepatectomy (HTX). The spleen was suggested to inhibit hepatocyte proliferation and consequently, splenectomy was considered. The present study aims to examine the influence of 70% partial hepatectomy (HTX) on the splenic histological structure, T, B lymphocyte and macrophage populations and to discuss the functional correlation.Methods: The rats were assigned to two groups; Sham group, and 70% Partial hepatectomy (HTX) group; which was further subdivided into 2 subgroups; sacrificed 24 or 48h, after HTX; Groups (HTX 24h) and (HTX 48h); respectively. H & E as a routine stain, iron staining by Prussian blue, as well as immunohistochemical detection of splenic CD3; a marker for T lymphocyte; CD20; a marker for B lymphocyte and CD68; a marker for macrophage; were done.Results: HTX 24h and HTX 48h groups exhibited enlargement of splenic follicles, no expansion of red pulp , no increase in apoptosis, mild increase in the number of melanomacrophages. CD3 expression increased significantly in HTX groups as compared to Sham group. However, CD3 expression in HTX 24h and HTX 48h groups exhibited insignificant difference. CD20 expression showed no significant difference among the studied groups. CD68 expression and Prussian blue staining showed a non-significant increase in HTX 24h group and significant increase in HTX 48h group.Conclusion: During the first two days after HTX, there was a rapid increase in splenic T- but not B-lymphocytes with subsequent increase in splenic macrophages. The splenic changes may explain a role of in liver regeneration.
Highlights
Crosstalk between liver and spleen in anatomical and physiological terms is clear in various liver diseases
The present study aims to examine the influence of 70% partial hepatectomy (HTX) on the splenic histological structure, T, B lymphocyte and macrophage populations and to discuss the functional correlation.Methods: The rats were assigned to two groups; Sham macrophages; group, and 70% Partial hepatectomy (HTX) group; which was further subdivided into 2 subgroups; sacrificed 24 or 48h, after HTX; Groups (HTX 24h) and (HTX 48h); respectively
The pathways underlying this communication, still need more elaboration, e.g. the effect of spleen on the normal liver hasnt been studied until recently, Elchaninov et al (2020) found that splenectomized rats exhibited increased expression for hepatocytic Ki67; a proliferative marker, at 24 h after splenectomy, the finding interpreted by the fact that the spleen is a chief producer of Transforming Growth factor b1 (TGFb1) a major hepatocyte growth inhibitor; meaning that the spleen is an inhibitor of hepatocyte proliferation even in the basic hepatic state
Summary
Crosstalk between liver and spleen in anatomical and physiological terms is clear in various liver diseases (hepatitis, liver fibrosis). The hypertrophy of both spleen and liver exhibited linear correlation suggesting other underlying mechanisms for splenic hypertrophy after HTX e.g. the effect of hepatic growth factors on spleen or the reorganization of reticuloendothelial cells (Petrovai et al, 2013). H & E as a routine stain, iron staining by Prussian blue, as well as immunohistochemical detection of splenic CD3; a marker for T lymphocyte; CD20; a marker for B lymphocyte and CD68; a marker for macrophage; were done.Results: HTX 24h and HTX 48h groups exhibited enlargement of splenic follicles, no expansion of red pulp, no increase in apoptosis, mild increase in the number of melanomacrophages. CD20 expression showed no significant difference among the studied groups. CD68 expression and Prussian blue staining showed a non-significant increase in HTX
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