The E2P-like state induced by magnesium fluoride complexes in the Na,K-ATPase. Kinetics of formation and interaction with Rb+

Abstract

The first X-ray crystal structures of the Na,K-ATPase were obtained in the presence of magnesium and fluoride as E2(K2)Mg–MgF4, an E2∙Pi-like state capable to occlude K+ (or Rb+). This work presents a functional characterization of the crystallized form of the enzyme and proposes a model to explain the interaction between magnesium, fluoride and Rb+ with the Na,K-ATPase. We studied the effect of magnesium and magnesium fluoride complexes on the E1–E2 conformational transition and the kinetics of Rb+ exchange between the medium and the E2(Rb2)Mg–MgF4 state. Our results show that both in the absence and in the presence of Rb+, simultaneous addition of magnesium and fluoride stabilizes the Na,K-ATPase in an E2 conformation, presumably the E2Mg–MgF4 complex, that is unable to shift to E1 upon addition of Na+. The time course of conformational change suggests the action of fluoride and magnesium at different steps of the E2Mg–MgF4 formation. Increasing concentrations of fluoride revert along a sigmoid curve the drop in the level of occluded Rb+ caused by Mg2+. Na+-induced release of Rb+ from E2(Rb2)Mg–MgF4 occurs at the same rate as from E2(Rb2) but is insensitive to ADP. The rate of Rb+ occlusion into the E2Mg–MgF4 state is 5–8 times lower than that described for the E2Mg–vanadate complex. Since the E2Mg–MgF4 and E2Mg–vanadate complexes represent different intermediates in the E2-P→E2 dephosphorylation sequence, the variation in occlusion rate could provide a tool to discriminate between these intermediates.