Abstract
The current complex investigations, carried out according to well-established methods, allowed us to find the main patterns of the dynamics and migration of metals in the Dniester and Prut rivers, affected by natural and anthropogenic factors. Using a polyfactorial analysis approach, the quantitative effect of main factors (water debit, amount of suspended matter, volume of discharged wastewaters, amount of pesticides and fertilizers metals in water, suspended matter, silt sediments of rivers and reservoirs was revealed. The discharged industrial wastewaters contribute to freshwater pollution with Ni, Zn, Cu, and Cd (r >0.75) The use of fertilizers and pesticides for agricultural purposes affects directly the dynamics of Cu, Zn (r = 0.74-0.92), and the pollution is intensified by the dismembered relief, the peculiarities of rainfall and intensive erosion processes. The Moldavian Thermal Power Plant polluted the water of cooling reservoir with V, Mo, Ni, Cd and the water sediments - also with Pb, Zn and Cu, whose concentrations depend directly on the amount of burned fuel (r=0,76-0,97).
Highlights
The research of regularities of migration and distribution of chemical elements in the dynamic and rather complicated system "water-suspended matter-silt" is one of the main objectives of the theory on aquatic ecosystems functioning
The study area focused on the main freshwater ecosystems of Moldova
A positive correlation (r= 0.75-0.83) between Zn content in water and suspended matter was observed, Zn content both in water and suspended matter is considerably higher during the period of spring water overflows than during low water levels
Summary
The research of regularities of migration and distribution of chemical elements in the dynamic and rather complicated system "water-suspended matter-silt" is one of the main objectives of the theory on aquatic ecosystems functioning. Among the principal factors that determine the distribution and migration of trace elements in the system "water-suspended matter-bottom sediments" in the investigated ecosystems should be listed: highly dismembered relief, intensive erosion processes in the catchment area, pluvial torrential character of atmospheric precipitations, physical-chemical peculiarities of soils and rocks, type of hydrology, chemical properties of trace elements and, hydro technical building, application of chemicals, irrigation of agricultural fields and discharge of wastewaters
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