Abstract
Analysis of tumor infiltration using conventional methods reveals a snapshot view of lymphocyte interactions with the tumor environment. However, lymphocytes have the unique capacity for continued recirculation, exploring varied tissues for the presence of cognate antigens according to inflammatory triggers and chemokine gradients. We discuss the role of the inflammatory and cellular makeup of the tumor environment, as well as antigen expressed by cancer cells or cross-presented by stromal antigen presenting cells, on recirculation kinetics of T cells. We aim to discuss how current cancer therapies may manipulate lymphocyte recirculation versus retention to impact lymphocyte exclusion in the tumor.
Highlights
The evolutionary development of an adaptive immune system requires different systems to localize responses
Lymphocyte exclusion from the tumor environment predominantly revolves around recruitment and recirculation kinetics, but within those contexts the retention of antigen specific T cells and their ability to meet cancer cells are key
A tumor with a high throughput of T cells through high recruitment and high recirculation is very dynamic. Such a tumor has a great deal of potential for T cell-mediated control of cancer cells should cells of the appropriate specificity exist
Summary
The evolutionary development of an adaptive immune system requires different systems to localize responses. Compared to a fully distributed immune system this will result in a delay, but allows a more flexible system To achieve this the mammalian immune system employs selective sensors, which provide an initial indication of the type of immune response required, to mobilize suitable cells. The various sensors are not uniformly shared across innate immune cell types, so that specific immune cells can specialize in Dynamic Entropy of Tumors detecting certain infections [3, 4]. In this way the immune response is pre-warned of the nature of the infection, and the appropriate adaptive response that is needed
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