The dust acoustic waves in a hot nonthermal dusty plasma with variable dust charge under transverse perturbations

Abstract

The effects of nonthermal distributed ions, the adiabatic dust-charge variation, the dust-fluid temperature, and the higher order transverse perturbations on small but finite amplitude dust acoustic waves have been investigated. A (2 + 1) Kadomtsev–Perviashvili (KP) equation and a (3 + 1) KP equation are derived by using the reductive perturbation method, respectively. Results shows that in the presence of the higher order transverse perturbations, the peak amplitude of the solitary waves may decrease, whereas their width increases as compared to the one-dimensional case. Meanwhile, not only compressive but also rarefactive solitary waves can coexist in this system. Furthermore, the nonthermally distributed ions have significant influence on the normalized dust charge.PACS No.: 52.35.Sb