Abstract
The Duplicitous Nature of ACE2 in COVID-19 Disease.
Highlights
Our understanding of the renin-angiotensin-system (RAS) has been revolutionized over the last 20 years with the discovery of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE)2 and its principal product À angiotensin (Ang)-(1À7) [1]
Oxidative stress, apoptosis, fibrosis and coagulation [1,2]. This tissue-protective arm of RAS is essential in counterbalancing the devastating effects of the RAS pressor axis, mediated by Ang II and AT1 receptor (AT1R), that exerts vasoconstriction and induces inflammation, apoptosis, fibrosis, coagulation and renal salt and fluid retention [1,3À5]
COVID-19 disease stirred the interest in the ACE2/Ang-(1-7)/Mas receptor (MasR) axis, since cell-membrane-bound ACE2 is essential for viral invasion, as it binds to Sars-CoV-2 spike proteins, permeating its attachment to target host [6]
Summary
Our understanding of the renin-angiotensin-system (RAS) has been revolutionized over the last 20 years with the discovery of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE)2 and its principal product À angiotensin (Ang)-(1À7) [1]. Article History: Received 9 April 2021 Accepted 9 April 2021 Available online 25 April 2021 ACE2 is a cell-membrane-bound protease, appearing as a soluble form in the circulation, which converts Ang II to Ang-(1-7) [2,3].
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