THE DUMAI CITY GOVERNMENT POLICIES IN ENSURING THE SUSTAINABILITY OF THE LIVELIHOOD SYSTEM OF FISHING COMMUNITIES

Abstract

There has been a decrease and increase in the number of fishermen in the last 5 years which is thought to be caused by the development of an industrial area on the coast of Dumai City. This paper aims to determine the socio-economic conditions of the fishing communities adjacent to the Dumai City industrial area, analyze the impact of industrial development on the livelihoods of fishing communities, and analyze the Dumai City Government policies in ensuring the sustainability of the livelihoods of fishing communities. This research was conducted using a survey method with a quantitative approach located in Dumai City on March - April 2021. This study reveals that the positive impact of industrial development in the coastal area of Dumai City is the increased consumption of capture fishery products in Dumai City and the availability of wide employment opportunities according to the level of education required, while the negative impact of industrial development in the coastal area of Dumai City is the increasingly narrow fishermen's catching areas that are in accordance with the type of boat and the type of fishing gear currently used and the occurrence of livelihood shifts. This negative impact can threaten the sustainability of the fishermen's livelihood system in Dumai City because based on the identification of socio-economic conditions, fishermen in Dumai City have lower middle income. Based on the SWOT analysis, the alternative policy that can be carried out by the Dumai City government in ensuring the sustainability of the livelihood system of the fishing community is to carry out a capture fisheries area development program as well as fostering Joint Business Groups with fishermen and the formation of fishermen's cooperatives.