Abstract
Abstract Dimensional models are becoming increasingly important in the classification of personality disorders. A central concept of this paradigm shift is the notion of a continuum of personality functioning ranging from a healthy to an extremely disturbed personality. In the alternative model for personality disorders in DSM-5 Section III, this concept corresponds to Criterion A, which is operationalized by the Level of Personality Functioning Scale (LPFS). In the first part of this chapter, the authors explain why and how the LPFS was developed and what measures are available that are based on its definition. They then provide an updated comprehensive summary of research on the LPFS and derived measures, including results on interrater reliability, internal consistency and latent structure, convergent validity, discriminant and incremental validity, and clinical utility. Finally, controversies and open questions are discussed.
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