The driving forces of Boye wetland degradation and its bird species composition, Jimma, Southwestern Ethiopia

Abstract

The aim of this study was to assess the causes of Boye wetland degradation and to identify the bird species composition of the wetland. To achieve the stated objective, group discussion with the local communities was carried out on the causes of wetland degradation and prioritizations were done. In addition, soil samples were collected from wetland and converted lands (agriculture, grazing and Eucalyptus plantation land). Identification and recording of avian species composition was conducted by direct observations using binoculars and standard manual for bird identification. The results of discussion revealed that agriculture land expansion, over grazing, waste disposal in the wetland from Jimma town and Eucalyptus plantation were the major causes for Boye wetland degradation. Statistically significant difference (P<0.05) was observed between wetland and converted lands for pH and EC with the highest mean value on converted land. However, a significant difference (P<0.01) was observed for OC (%) and TN (%) with the highest mean value at wetland. Furthermore, 36 bird species were identified; among these, two are endemic and three near endemic species. Balearica pavonina and Balearica regulorum vulnerable species and Macronyx flavicollis was near threatened species were also found in the wetland. To protect these birds and the biodiversity of Boye wetland, restoration and protection programs should be established to avoid further degradation. Key words: Boye wetlands, land use change, bird diversity, conservation.