The draft of the new chapter SNiP II-57-75 “Loads and effects on hydraulic structures (wave, ice, and ship action)”

Abstract

The increase in the effectiveness of capital investments in the construction of hydropower, water-transport, oH-industry, and other hydraulic structures is in direct relation to the solution of the scientific problems of developing rationaltypes of structures and of methods of determining loads on them, resulting from the action of wind waves, ice, ships, and other floating objects. During recent years, Soviet scientists have carried out various investigations [3-7],t" from which the values of the above-mentioned loads have been substantially refined. Thus, in particular, at the level of a third approximation a theoretical solution for standing waves was worked out. Using data from experimental investigations, the procedure for analyzing the wave action on slopes protected with slabs was improved, and the field of rational application of run-of-quarry rock in the bodies of sloping structures was detemained. The coefficients of resistance for passage of waves around barriers of different shapes were analytically and experimentally studied, and a unified analytical solution, applicable to shallow and deep water, was developed fordetermining wave loads on barriers around which the water flows and on trussed structures in the foma of bar systems. Methods have been developed and tested for determining the elements of wind waves under deep and shallow-water conditions in open bodies of water, and many concepts concerning the analysis of elements of diffracted waves in protected bodies of water have been refined. Favorable results from this extensive work, carried out unintermptedly during several decades, have been achieved thanks to the unification of the efforts of the Wave Commission of the Institute of Water Problems of the Academy of Sciences, the Coordinating Commission on Water-Transport Hydraulic Structures of the VNHG Institute of the Ministry of Power and Electrification (Min~nergo) and the Section of Marine Wave Action of the Oceanographic Commission of the Academy of Sciences, all of the USSR. The thorough work on the problems serving as the basis of the draft of the new SNiP chapter has been accompanied by keen scientific discussions at All-Union Coordinating Conferences and Seminars on Hydraulic Engineering. held in Leningrad at the VNIIG Institute. The most important scientific investigations, used for preparing the draft of the norms, were published in the proceedings of the coordinaang conferences on hydraulic engineering [3-7]. The Draft Chapter SNiP II-57-75 was drawn up in accordance with a resolution of the Government Committee for Construction (Gosstroi) of the USSR for revision and unification of the following current All-Union construction norms: SN 92-60 [1], SN '/6-66 [9], SN 144-60 [2], and SN 288-64 [8]. One of the leading orgardzations in the preparation of the draft was the B. E. Vedeneev VNHG Institute of the Mmenergo of the USSR. The work was carried out with the cooperation of universities and of scientific and design insitutes of the nation, which expressed interest in this task; important contributions were made by the Soyuzmomiiproekt and the Chernomornliproekt institutes of the Ministry of Sea Transport, the Institute of Water Problems of the Academy of Sciences of the USS1L the State Oceanographic Institute and the State Hydrologic Institute of the Main Hydrometeorological Service, the V. V. Knibyshev Moscow Civil Engineering Institute, the Leningrad Hydrometeorologi eal Institute, the Leningrad Institute of Water Transport, the Gidrorechtrans and the Lengiprorechtrans of the Ministry of Inland Water Transport of the Russian Soviet Federated SR, the S. Ya. Zhuk Gidroproekt Institute of the Minenergo of the USSR, the Gipromomeft' Institute of the Ministry of the Oil Industry of the USSR. the TsNIIS and the Black-Sea