Abstract
WHEN applying the distribution law of Boltzmann to the Donnan membrane equilibrium in two compartments, one containing a mixture of colloidal ions (or non-diffusible ions) and electrolytic solutions and the other electrolytic solutions, we have to assume the compartment containing the colloid or non-diffusible ions to consist of a charged material and a double layer, which extends up to the membrane through which the colloidal particles or non-diffusible ions cannot pass. In the case of colloidal solutions, the membrane may also be considered as a plane, separating the double layer and the bulk of the solution through which the colloidal particles cannot pass. The membrane potential, Em, might be put equal to Ψ1-Ψ2, where Ψ1 is the potential of the ion positive or negative in compartment 1, containing the colloid or the non-diffusible ion, and Ψ2 is the potential of the same ion in the other compartment 2.
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