Abstract
Numerous deep seismic and borehole studies have been made in the Dnieper‐Donets Paleorift (Ukraine), and, when combined with studies of oil‐ and gasfield distribution, indicate that there exists an interesting relationship between deep lithospheric structure and evolution, and the hydrocarbon potential of the Paleorift.It has been found that hydrocarbon accumulations tend to be associated with slopes in the Moho discontinuity, where most faults are located, and also where the basement and the lower layers of sedimentary cover have been fragmented by faults. These areas are the most promising for exploration.These facts could imply an abiogenic, mantle origin for oil and gas. Alternatively, the hot mantle ascending beneath the Dnieper‐Donets Paleorift may have created thermodynamic or fluid‐flow conditions within the sedimentary cover which were favourable for the transformation of biogenic material into oil and gas. In this case, mantle fluid‐flow along faults assisted the migration of hydrocarbons and its accumulation in traps.
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