Abstract
BackgroundHeilongjiang Province located in northeast China is a multi-ethnic region with people who have lived in cold conditions for several generations. Fatty acids are important to people with cold resistance. CPT1A encodes a protein that imports long-chain fatty acids into the mitochondria for fatty-acid oxidation. FADS is an essential enzyme for the synthesis of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids.ResultsIn the present study, we investigated the distributions of three cold resistance-related SNPs (rs80356779 G > A in CPT1A, rs7115739 T > G in FADS3 and rs174570 C > T in FADS2) from six populations that included 1093 individuals who have lived in Heilongjiang Province for at least three generations. The frequencies of rs174570 and rs7115739 were different in our six north minorities compared to the Chinese Dai in Xishuangbanna (CDX) in southern China. All the SNPs in Hezhen were significantly different from other five studied populations. In addition, the genetic distribution of rs174570 in Daur was significantly different from Manchu and Korea, and the frequency of rs7115739 in Ewenki was significantly different from the other populations. The results also showed that the frequencies of the three SNPs in the six minorities were different from those of Greenlandic Inuit and Siberian population.ConclusionsOur results showed the distributions of the three cold resistance-related SNPs from six populations that included 1093 individuals in northern China. Distributions of the allele frequencies for the cold resistance-related SNPs in northern China were statistically different from those in southern China. These data help to establish the DNA genome database for the six populations and fully preserve existing minority genetic information.
Highlights
Heilongjiang Province located in northeast China is a multi-ethnic region with people who have lived in cold conditions for several generations
Nonshivering thermogenesis is a physiological mechanism that generates body heat through mechanisms aside from mechanical shivering [2], and it may have been selected in humans who live in low-temperature regions under cold stress
Brown adipose tissue is an important site for non-shivering thermogenesis, which burns fat and uncouples mitochondrial oxidative metabolism from ATP production to produce heat [3]
Summary
Heilongjiang Province located in northeast China is a multi-ethnic region with people who have lived in cold conditions for several generations. China is a multiethnic country with a long history of complex national integration and migration. These ethnic origins and mutual relations can be explored from various aspects, such as archeology, language, culture, physical characteristics, etc. Nonshivering thermogenesis is a physiological mechanism that generates body heat through mechanisms aside from mechanical shivering [2], and it may have been selected in humans who live in low-temperature regions under cold stress. Brown adipose tissue is an important site for non-shivering thermogenesis, which burns fat and uncouples mitochondrial oxidative metabolism from ATP production to produce heat [3]. It has been known that brown adipose tissue exists in mammalian infants
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