The distribution of high-risk human papillomavirus genotype in high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia of Korean women

Abstract

The aim of this study was to assess the distribution of HPV genotypes in high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) in Korea. This prospective study included consecutive 1009 patients who referred for cervical biopsy due to abnormal cytology. HPV genotyping was performed on the cervical smear using PCR-based DNA chip test for 21 high-risk HPV types. Histologic diagnosis was chronic cervicitis (CC), CIN 1, CIN 2, CIN3, and invasive carcinoma (IC) in 332 (32.9 %), 143 (14.1 %), 104 (10.3 %), 351 (34.7 %), and 79 (7.8 %) patients, respectively. High-risk HPV DNA was detected in 591 (58.7 %) patients and multiple HPV types were identified in 181 (17.9 %) patients. High-risk HPV DNA was detected in 41.5 %, 50.3 %, 63.4 %, 72.3 %, and 77.2% of patients with CC, CIN 1, CIN 2, CIN 3, and IC, respectively. The leading HPV types were HPV 16 (31.0 %), HPV 58 (12.9 %), HPV 18 (8.9 %), HPV 52 (7.4 %), HPV 31 (5.6 %), and HPV 33 (5.2%) for patients with high-grade lesions (CIN 2/3 and IC). The overall positivity rate of HPV 16 (odds ratio [OR], 6.83; 95 % confidence interval [CI], 4.54-10.29; p<0.001), HPV 18 (OR, 2.04; 95% CI, 1.20-3.45; p=0.008), HPV 31 (OR, 5.09; 95 % CI, 2.22-11.71; p=0.001), HPV 33 (OR, 3.19; 95% CI, 1.53-6.64; p=0.002), HPV 52 (OR, 2.56; 95% CI, 1.46-4.50; p=0.001), and HPV 58 (OR, 2.16; 95% CI, 1.65-4.13; p<0.001) was significantly higher in high-grade lesions than in low-grade lesions. HPV 30, 35, and 45 were overrepresented in high-grade lesions than in low-grade lesions, but the differences were not statistically significant. HPV 16, 58, 18, 52, 31, and 33 were the most common genotypes which are represented in high-grade CIN and these were significantly associated with development of high-grade CIN. The development of vaccines against these HPV types is required in Korea.