The distribution of epiphytic lichens on Uludag fir (Abies nordmanniana (Steven) Spach subsp. bornmuelleriana (Mattf.) Coode & Cullen) forests along an altitudinal gradient (Mt. Uludag, Bursa, Turkey)

Abstract

In this study forty six epiphytic lichen species were found on Uludag fir from five localities within an altitudinal range o f 1500-1900 m in the Abietum zone on Mt. Uludag and were recorded. The most common species were Bryoria capillaris, B. fuscescens, Caloplaca herbidella, Hypogymnia tubulosa, Lecanora saligna, Parmelia sulcata, Phlyctis argena, and Pseudevernia fufuracea. The results indicate that the distribution and species composition o f epiphytic lichens was related to altitude. Bacidia globulosa, Evernia prunastri, Phlyctis argena, Ramalina farinacea, Rinodina capensis, Usnea glabrescens and U. rigida were the characteristic species at 1500-1600 m. Arthonia mediella, Bryoria fuscescens, B. implexa, Buellia disciformis, B. griseovirens, Caloplaca herbidella, Lecanora saligna and Parmeliopsis ambigua were the characteristic species at 1700-1900 m. Altitude is one o f the main factors controlling the diversity and distribution o f epiphytic lichens on Uludag fir on Mt. Uludag.