Abstract
An array of four water Cerenkov detectors of variable depth (maximum 3.4 radiation lengths) has been used to study extensive air showers of size 105 to 106 particles. The amount of Cerenkov light produced is a measure of the total electron track length in the detectors resulting from the incident spectrum of electrons and photons. The difference between the lateral structure function as measured by the Cerenkov detectors and the known particle density distribution function is therefore related to the presence of cascading or attenuation in the water. This was confirmed by observations with Geiger counters above and below a detector. These effects in the water are thus a measure of the energy of the electron-photon component. The energy carried by this component per shower electron was found to vary between 440 ± 60 MeV at a distance of 2 m from the shower axis and 195 ± 35 MeV at 12 m distance. The part of this energy which is carried by photons was found to be greater than that carried by electrons throughout most of the region examined.
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