Abstract
1. 1. Cyanic acid can be distilled from aqueous solutions of pure sodium cyanate, when brought to pH 5.0–5.3 in a high vacuum. 2. 2. Without special arrangements for condensation, the acid undergoes rapid and complete decomposition in a neutral aqueous medium, even at 0°. 3. 3. If the free acid was condensed in 0.1–0.2 N-sodium hydroxide at 0°, varying amounts were transformed into the more stable sodium cyanate. 4. 4. Sodium cyanate present in the distillate was converted into urea by incubating with an excess of ammonium ions. Yields of 30–37% of the equivalent urea were regularly obtained from distillations under optimal conditions. 5. 5. A part of the cyanic acid was hydrolysed during the procedure, yielding one molecule of ammonia, which, with another molecule of cyanic acid gave one molecule of urea. Thus some urea was found, in the distillate without previous incubation with ammonium ions. 6. 6. Optimal conditions for the procedure are described.
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