Abstract
The dispersion composition of polymer suspensions and molecular weights of polymers obtained by suspension polymerization of MMA in the presence of polymer surfactants – methylmethacrylate and methacrylic acid copolymers – were studied. It is shown that a highly dispersed fraction of particles with diameters of 0.02–2.0 µm and a fraction of particles with large diameters (up to 1000 µm) are always present in the polymer suspension. After fractionation of polymer suspensions 3 fractions of particles with different diameters were obtained. For each particle fraction the molecular masses of polymers were determined by viscometry. A significant difference in the values of the molecular masses of polymers obtained as particles of small and large diameters – 105 and 106 Da, respectively – is shown. The presence of a highly dispersed fraction of particles in which a polymer of high molecular weight is formed has a noticeable effect on the average molecular weight of the polymer. In particles of small diameter polymerization takes place according to a mechanism close to the emulsion, due to the fact that the volume of such particles contains a small amount of radicals. The high rate of polymerization leads to the formation of a polymer of high molecular weight, the appearance of a gel effect and a decrease in the termination constant. In most particles, polymerization proceeds by a mechanism close to the solution polymerization, and polymers of low molecular weight are formed. This makes it possible to synthesize polymers of a given molecular weight in drops of certain dispersity.
Highlights
Дисперсный состав полиметилметакрилатных суспензий и молекулярные массы полимеров, полученных суспензионной полимеризацией в присутствии акриловых сополимеров в качестве ПАВ
The dispersion composition of polymer suspensions and molecular weights of polymers obtained by suspension polymerization of MMA in the presence of polymer surfactants – methylmethacrylate and methacrylic acid copolymers – were studied
The presence of a highly dispersed fraction of particles in which a polymer of high molecular weight is formed has a noticeable effect on the average molecular weight of the polymer
Summary
Дисперсный состав полиметилметакрилатных суспензий и молекулярные массы полимеров, полученных суспензионной полимеризацией в присутствии акриловых сополимеров в качестве ПАВ. Изучены дисперсный состав полимерных суспензий и молекулярные массы полимеров, полученных суспензионной полимеризацией метилметакрилата в присутствии полимерных ПАВ – сополимеров метилметакрилата и метакриловой кислоты. В больших частицах полимеризация протекает по механизму, близкому к растворной полимеризации, и образуются полимеры невысокой молекулярной массы. A significant difference in the values of the molecular masses of polymers obtained as particles of small and large diameters – 105 and 106 Da, respectively – is shown. Polymerization proceeds by a mechanism close to the solution polymerization, and polymers of low molecular weight are formed. Одновременно с суспензионной полимеризацией мономера, как правило, протекает эмульсионная полимеризация мономера в частицах малого размера, с образованием полимера высокой молекулярной массы [4, 5].
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