Abstract
This work outlines a theoretical background established in Archival Science based mainly on discourse analysis as a key discipline to understand which the differences are and points of conceptual commonality in the area. Uses the French Discourse Analysis as a principle with a theoretical and methodological framework to typify the archive as a discursive practice defined by their historical aspects of its institutional junctures. The study of discourse helps to understand how certain linguistic formations construct the discourse, concerned mainly with the context in which the text was produced. This analysis take place from manuals and treatises of Archival Science produced during the development of discipline and regarded as grounds for discipline. We analyzed the Manual of an Archival Arrangement and Description (vor Handleiding van het ordenen in bescheijven archieven) of Muller, Feith, and Fruin (Ed.1 1898). Another work considered is the Manual of Archive Administration Including the Problems of War Archives and Archive a Making (1 Ed. 1922) and some of late works of Sir Hillary Jenkinson and finally analyzed the work of Theodore R. Schellenberg some aspects of his vast bibliography. With this analyzes we established a radiography of the Archival Science basis.
Highlights
The Archival Science has changed in the last 20 years, the practical performance and the theoretical and methodological constitution, due to the advancement of technologies and through an increase in the academic / professional performance in a great number of countries, especially Canada, United States, England
We seek to demonstrate in this research key aspects of past that reflex the present of Archival Science through the use of French Discourse Analysis as a principle with a theoretical and methodological framework to typify the archive as a discursive practice defined by their historical aspects of its institutional junctures
In the 1950s the Archival Science starts to change with the publications of Schellenberg, the situation in North America was very different that we found in the beginning of the century in England, because in the 1930s is founded the National Archives and the Society of American Archivist this institutions gave the possibility of a better planning in the organizations policies
Summary
The Archival Science has changed in the last 20 years, the practical performance and the theoretical and methodological constitution, due to the advancement of technologies and through an increase in the academic / professional performance in a great number of countries, especially Canada, United States, England. We discussed the conceptual history of the discipline, marking the place and the subjects who enunciated its concepts, starting with the onset of the Archival Science, its fundamental definitions, in the initial crystallization present in the Dutch Manual and its further development, because from the historic construction of discourse we can understand the place that a text occupies within a discipline This exercise of trying to identify the archaeological history of the discipline through its treatises-authors is already part of the analysis that suggests, and to this end, it is important to study's author, his work and the context of both, because only from that point we can understand the role they played in the archival practice, because its development is a result of changes in society. Through the analysis we could perceive the history of the Archival theory and its notions this discipline and build a conceptual radiography in the discipline development, important to the actual status of the Archival Science
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