The disaster resolving on tourism settlements in small islands

Abstract

The increasing number of tourists visiting small islands has directly affected the development of low-income settlements spontaneously to support the tourists’ accommodation, but the development itself has, at the same time, ignored the humanistic environment. Several of cities in Indonesia belong to the high-risk index of disasters, including Samalona Island of Makassar City. Therefore, the planning components to resolving disasters on tourism settlements in small islands are needed as follows: 1) identifying the role of elements in the natural mitigation and in the artificially structural mitigation that is available, and the role of local residents to overcome disasters in the coastline of small islands, 2) analyzing the condition of abrasion disasters like storms, gale, and flood tides towards the houses, gazebos, and stalls in small islands. In order to achieve the purpose, the collected data come from the observations, sketches, and direct interviews with the local people owning the houses, gazebos, or stalls. The analysis with sustainable approaches is to reach the development of small island destinations that are safe, comfortable, environmentally friendly, and able to increase the incomes of the local residents. The results of the research describe several mitigation elements in small islands such as the local vegetation with tree trunk diameter is 1.5-2.0m and the branching system covers 80% of the island area. The coastal areas have no more natural mitigation elements to block gales, wave pressures, and tides. However, the roles of society can be seen in the existence of structural mitigation elements such as locally wooden breakest water conventionally made. The condition of abrasion disasters and gales can be found by the changes of beach sand shape not parallel with the seasons, the site of houses, gazebos, and stalls that are always moved in safe locations temporarily. The planning components to resolving disasters in tourism settlements of small islands are landscape recoveries (vegetation replanting) on disaster-prone locations (gales and abrasions) for the settlements in coastlines, building the sea embankment that has double functions (breakwaters and pedestrian ways), and displacing the houses that are suitable with wind intensity and building height (landed houses or elevated houses).