Abstract
In hypersonic flight, drag is composed of two main components besides abduction drag: wave drag, which is caused by shock waves, and skin friction drag, which is caused by friction. Wave drag is correlated to the Mach number, and skin friction drag is related to the flow state of the surface in the flight. The flow state corresponds to the Reynolds number, the rough degree of the surface, and the flight vehicle’s angle of attack. In hypervelocity, the skin friction is proportional to the product of the gas density multiplied by the square of the flight velocity. Related research results [1] show that the skin friction drag accounts for almost 50 % of the total drag in hypersonic vehicles with scramjet. In high lift-to-drag ratio vehicles, such as wave riders, the ratio is the same. Research on the skin friction balance measurement in shock tunnels is useful to vehicle layout research, drag reduction, and structure optimization, as well as the design of the engine shape, inlet, and insulate section of vehicles.
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