The dioscuri and ruler ideology∗

Abstract

This article discusses the ideological use of Castor and Pollux in the succession policy during the Imperial period with special reference to an evaluation of the Augustan rededication of the temple of Castor and Pollux in the Forum Romanum. There is no evidence of a corresponding function during the preceding centuries but the Dioscuri were known as helpers on the battlefield and thus they had become a symbol of victory. As future emperors the designated heirs were to secure the existence of the Roman empire through the maintenance of the military position and success and thus the parallel to Castor and Pollux were obvious. Also the Sidus Iulium is briefly dealt with. It appears to be a direct continuation of the Hellenistic use of the star, where this symbol of the Dioscuri for the first time was combined with the portrait of a mortal ruler to emphasize his divine status.