The Dilated Veins Surrounding the Cord in Multiple Sclerosis suggest Elevated Pressure and Obstruction of the Glymphatic System

Abstract

Recently, Clarke et al. published a study using spinal cord susceptibility weighted imaging in multiple sclerosis patients at 7T. They discovered dilated intradural extramedullary veins surrounding the cord. The purpose of this commentary is to point out some recent research by our group, which suggests this dilatation also occurs in the bridging cortical veins surrounding the brain. The dilatation indicates a focal elevation in the venous pressure secondary to impedance mismatching. Due to the shared outflow geometry, dilatation of the outflow veins will obstruct the glymphatic pathway of the spinal cord altering the immune response.